Compress PDF reduces the file size of a PDF by re-rendering its pages at a quality level you choose, then re-saving them with stronger image compression. The biggest savings come from documents that are really pictures in disguise: scanned contracts, photographed receipts, or exported slides where each page is stored as a high-resolution bitmap. A single color page scanned at 300 DPI can run 8-10 MB, while a born-digital, text-based PDF is often under 100 KB per page. By stepping the image data down to a lower DPI and a JPEG quality of roughly 80-85%, the tool can trim image-heavy files by 70-90% with little visible loss.
Reach for this tool when a PDF won't attach to an email, uploads too slowly to a portal, or simply takes up more storage than it should. Most consumer mailboxes cap attachments around 20-25 MB, but Base64 encoding inflates files by about a third in transit, so a 20 MB PDF can arrive as roughly 27 MB and bounce. Compressing first keeps you safely under the limit. It is also worth doing before posting documents to job applications, government forms, or shared drives where an upload size cap is common and a 50 MB scan is unwelcome.
Under the hood, the tool draws each page onto a canvas at a target resolution, then encodes the result as a compressed image and rebuilds the PDF around those pages. Lowering the quality slider shrinks the canvas DPI and tightens JPEG compression, which is exactly where most of a scanned file's weight lives. A medium or 'good' setting is the safe default for everyday documents; a low setting maximizes shrinkage when only legibility matters. Because pages are rasterized, very fine text or thin lines can soften, so preview the output before sending anything where sharpness is critical.
Everything happens in your browser. The PDF is read, re-rendered, and re-saved on your own device, so the file is never uploaded to a server and nothing is stored or logged after you close the tab. That matters for the documents people most often need to compress: tax forms, medical records, signed agreements, and ID scans. One trade-off to know: re-rendering pages converts selectable text into an image, so the compressed copy will not be searchable or copy-pasteable. Keep your original if you still need editable, selectable text, and use the compressed version for sharing or archiving.