Energy Converter

Convert between energy units instantly — pick any from and to unit.

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About the Energy Converter

The Energy Converter translates a single quantity of energy between the units that different fields prefer: joules (the SI base unit), kilowatt-hours used on your electricity bill, BTU used by heating and air-conditioning systems, calories and food Calories used in nutrition, therms used in natural gas billing, and electronvolts used in physics. Energy is the same physical quantity in every case, so the conversion is exact and reversible. The tool exists because no single unit dominates everyday life, and comparing an appliance rated in watt-hours against a furnace rated in BTU requires putting both onto common ground.

Reach for this converter whenever two sources describe the same energy in different units. Common situations include sizing an air conditioner (BTU per hour) against a heat pump quoted in kilowatts, comparing a kettle's 0.1 kWh boil against a meal's kilocalories, reading a European nutrition label printed in kilojoules when you think in food Calories, or estimating what a 100,000-BTU therm of gas costs versus the same heat from electricity. Students also use it to check physics homework where joules and electronvolts appear side by side. In each case, converting first lets you compare cost, capacity, or nutrition fairly.

Every conversion runs through joules as the hidden pivot. The tool stores one exact factor per unit: 1 calorie = 4.184 J, 1 kilocalorie (food Calorie) = 4,184 J, 1 kWh = 3,600,000 J, 1 BTU is about 1,055 J, and 1 therm = 100,000 BTU. To convert, your input is multiplied by its factor to reach joules, then divided by the target unit's factor. Because each step is a simple multiplication, the result is precise rather than a rounded estimate, and converting from A to B and back returns your original number. Rounding only appears in how the answer is displayed, not in the math.

All conversions happen instantly in your browser using fixed physical constants, so nothing you type is uploaded, logged, or stored on a server. The factors follow standard references such as the thermochemical calorie (4.184 J) and the U.S. EIA figure of roughly 3,412 BTU per kilowatt-hour. Be aware that a lowercase "calorie" and an uppercase "Calorie" differ by a factor of 1,000, and that the BTU and the calorie have several slightly different official definitions; this tool uses the most common ones, which are accurate enough for energy bills, cooking, and study but not for legal metrology.

Frequently asked questions

How many joules are in one kilowatt-hour?

Exactly 3,600,000 joules (3.6 megajoules). A kilowatt-hour means one kilowatt of power sustained for one hour, and 1,000 watts times 3,600 seconds equals 3.6 million joules.

What is the difference between a calorie and a food Calorie?

A lowercase calorie (cal) is the energy to heat one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius and equals about 4.184 joules. A capital-C food Calorie is a kilocalorie, 1,000 times larger (about 4,184 joules), so a 200-Calorie snack is really 200,000 small calories.

How do I convert BTU to kWh?

Divide BTU by 3,412. For example, a 10,000-BTU air conditioner output equals about 2.93 kWh, since 10,000 divided by 3,412 is roughly 2.93. To go the other way, multiply kWh by 3,412 to get BTU.

Is the conversion exact or an estimate?

Conversions between joules, kWh, and calories are exact because their relationships are defined constants. BTU and the calorie have a few official definitions that differ slightly; this tool uses the common ones (1 BTU is about 1,055 J, 1 cal = 4.184 J), which is precise enough for everyday and study use.

What is a therm and how does it relate to these units?

A therm is a natural gas billing unit equal to 100,000 BTU, or about 29.3 kWh, or roughly 105.5 megajoules. Gas suppliers use it because saying "50 therms" is easier than "5 million BTU."

From our blog

Grams to Pounds: A Practical Guide to Getting the Conversion Right

By the Super Simple Digital Tools Team · Updated June 2026

Grams and pounds answer the same question, how heavy is this, but they come from rival measurement traditions. The gram is the metric workhorse, defined within the kilogram system and used almost everywhere in the world for groceries, science, and trade. The pound is part of the imperial and US customary systems, still dominant in American kitchens, mailrooms, and gyms. When a weight crosses that boundary, say a recipe written in grams that you want to weigh on a scale calibrated in pounds, you need a clean conversion rather than a rough guess.

The anchor for that conversion is a single, exact number. The 1959 International Yard and Pound Agreement, signed by the US, UK, and other Commonwealth nations, fixed the avoirdupois pound at exactly 0.45359237 kilograms, which is 453.59237 grams. Because the definition is exact, there is no measurement uncertainty in the factor itself; any imprecision in a converted result comes only from how many decimal places you keep. That is why two reputable converters will always agree to as many digits as they both display.

To convert by hand, divide grams by 453.59237. If you want a faster mental estimate, remember that 1000 grams is about 2.2 pounds, so you can multiply kilograms by 2.2 and adjust. For example, 1500 g is 1.5 kg, and 1.5 times 2.2 is about 3.3 lb (the precise figure is 3.3069 lb). For small kitchen amounts, knowing that 100 g is just under a quarter pound (0.2205 lb) gives you a quick sense of scale without reaching for any device.

Many real tasks need pounds and ounces rather than a decimal pound. Convert to pounds first, then multiply whatever is left after the decimal point by 16, since a pound contains 16 ounces. Take 600 g: that is 1.3228 lb, the 0.3228 left over times 16 is about 5.2, so 600 g is roughly 1 lb 5 oz. This pounds-and-ounces form is what postal scales and many recipes actually expect, and it is far more readable than a long decimal.

The most common mistakes are not arithmetic but conceptual. People sometimes mix up the avoirdupois pound with the troy pound used for precious metals, which is lighter, or they confuse weight with volume by assuming grams and milliliters interchange (they only do so for water). Others over-round early in a multi-step calculation, letting small errors compound. Keeping a few extra decimals until the final answer, and only then rounding to what the task needs, keeps your converted weights honest.

  • For a fast mental check, multiply kilograms by 2.2; a 5 kg parcel is roughly 11 lb (precisely 11.0231 lb).
  • Need pounds and ounces? Convert to pounds, then multiply the leftover decimal by 16 to get the ounces.
  • Keep at least four decimals during intermediate steps and round only the final result to avoid compounding errors.
  • For gold, silver, or gemstones, use a troy-pound conversion instead, since the troy pound is about 373.24 g, not 453.59 g.

Read the full guide →

Tool by the Super Simple Digital Tools Team. Reviewed by our editorial team. Free to use, no signup required.

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